Txog thaum xyoo 1950, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm CNC tshuab ua haujlwm feem ntau yog los ntawm cov ntawv xuas nrig, uas tau tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem nyuaj. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm CNC yog tias thaum daim npav hloov pauv los ntawm kev tswj hwm lub computer, nws ncaj qha cuam tshuam txog kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej siv computer, nrog rau cov khoos phis tawj pab tsim (CAD) thiab computer aided manufacturing (CAM). Kev ua haujlwm tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm thawj daim ntawv thov kev siv tshuab computer niaj hnub.
Txawm hais tias lub tshuab tsom xam tsim los ntawm Charles Babbage nyob rau nruab nrab-1800s tau suav tias yog thawj lub khoos phis tawj hauv lub sijhawm niaj hnub no, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) lub sijhawm tiag tiag lub computer cua daj cua dub kuv (tseem yug hauv servo machinery laboratory) yog lub sijhawm. lub ntiaj teb thawj lub khoos phis tawj nrog cov lej sib luag thiab lub cim xeeb sib nqus (raws li qhia hauv daim duab hauv qab no). Pab neeg no muaj peev xwm siv lub tshuab los code lub computer tswj kev tsim cov kab xev perforated. Tus tswv tsev thawj siv txog 5000 lub tshuab nqus tsev thiab hnyav txog 20000 phaus.
Kev ua haujlwm qeeb ntawm kev txhim kho hauv computer thaum lub sijhawm no yog ib feem ntawm qhov teeb meem thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg uas sim muag lub tswv yim no tsis paub txog kev tsim khoom - lawv tsuas yog cov kws paub txog computer xwb. Lub sijhawm ntawd, lub tswv yim ntawm NC tau coj txawv txawv rau cov tuam txhab tsim khoom vim tias txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no qeeb heev thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, yog li Asmeskas Tub Rog thaum kawg yuav tsum tau tsim 120 NC tshuab thiab xauj rau ntau lub tuam txhab kom pib nrov lawv siv. .
Evolution sij hawm los ntawm NC rau CNC
Mid 1950s:G code, feem ntau siv NC programming lus, yug hauv servo mechanism Laboratory ntawm Massachusetts lub koom haum thev naus laus zis. G code yog siv los qhia cov cuab yeej siv tshuab computer yuav ua li cas. Cov lus txib raug xa mus rau lub tshuab maub los, uas tom qab ntawd qhia lub cev muaj zog ntawm kev txav ceev thiab txoj hauv kev ua raws.
Xyoo 1956:cov tub rog huab cua tau npaj los tsim cov lus programming dav dav rau kev tswj tus lej. Lub chaw tshawb fawb MIT tshiab, coj los ntawm Doug Ross thiab lub npe hu ua Computer Applications Group, pib kawm cov lus pom zoo thiab tsim ib yam dab tsi tom qab hu ua cov lus programming tau programmed tool (APT).
Xyoo 1957:lub koom haum kev lag luam dav hlau thiab ib chav haujlwm ntawm cov tub rog huab cua tau koom tes nrog MIT los ua qauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm apt thiab tsim thawj lub tshuab CNC. Apt, tsim ua ntej invention ntawm graphical interface thiab FORTRAN, siv cov ntawv nyeem tsuas yog hloov cov geometry thiab cov cuab yeej txoj hauv kev rau cov lej tswj (NC) tshuab. (cov ntawv tom qab tau sau rau hauv FORTRAN, thiab thaum kawg tau tso tawm hauv pej xeem.
Xyoo 1957:Thaum ua hauj lwm ntawm General Electric, American computer scientist Patrick J. Hanratty tau tsim thiab tso tawm ib qho kev lag luam thaum ntxov NC programming lus hu ua Pronto, uas tau tsim lub hauv paus rau yav tom ntej CAD cov kev pab cuam thiab yeej nws lub npe tsis raws cai ntawm "leej txiv ntawm cad / cam".
"Lub Peb Hlis 11, 1958, lub sijhawm tshiab ntawm kev tsim khoom tau yug los. Thawj thawj zaug hauv keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim khoom, ntau lub tshuab hluav taws xob tswj cov tshuab loj loj ua haujlwm ib txhij ua cov kab ntau lawm. Cov tshuab no yuav luag tsis muaj neeg saib xyuas, thiab lawv. tuaj yeem xyaum, xyaum, zeb, thiab hla qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov tshuab.
Xyoo 1959:MIT pab pawg tau tuav lub rooj sib tham xov xwm los qhia lawv cov cuab yeej siv tshuab CNC tshiab.
Xyoo 1959:cov tub rog huab cua tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus ib xyoos nrog MIT electronic systems laboratory los tsim "computer aided design project". Qhov tshwm sim qhov system automation engineering tsim (AED) tau tso tawm rau pej xeem sau hauv xyoo 1965.
Xyoo 1959:General Motors (GM) pib kawm dab tsi tom qab hu ua computer enhanced design (DAC-1), uas yog ib qho ntawm cov duab CAD ntxov tshaj plaws. Xyoo tom ntej, lawv tau qhia IBM ua tus khub. Cov duab kos tuaj yeem luam tawm rau hauv qhov system, uas digitizes lawv thiab tuaj yeem hloov kho. Tom qab ntawd, lwm yam software tuaj yeem hloov cov kab mus rau hauv 3D duab thiab tso tawm kom haum rau xa mus rau lub tshuab milling. DAC-1 tau muab tso rau hauv kev tsim khoom hauv xyoo 1963 thiab tau tshaj tawm rau pej xeem hauv xyoo 1964.
Xyoo 1962:thawj cov duab ua lag luam CAD system hluav taws xob plotter (EDM) tsim los ntawm itek, tus neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv Asmeskas, tau tsim tawm. Nws tau txais los ntawm kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv tuam txhab, lub tuam txhab mainframe thiab supercomputer, thiab hloov npe digigraphy. Nws tau pib siv los ntawm Lockheed thiab lwm lub tuam txhab los tsim cov khoom tsim khoom ntawm C-5 Galaxy tub rog thauj dav hlau, qhia thawj rooj plaub ntawm qhov kawg-rau-kawg cad / cnc ntau lawm system.
Lub sij hawm ntawv xov xwm nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tau sau ib tsab xov xwm ntawm EDM thaum Lub Peb Hlis, 1962, thiab taw qhia tias tus neeg teb xov tooj tus qauv tsim nkag mus rau hauv lub computer pheej yig los ntawm lub console, uas tuaj yeem daws teeb meem thiab khaws cov lus teb hauv daim ntawv digital thiab microfilm hauv nws lub tsev qiv ntawv nco. Tsuas yog nias lub pob thiab kos duab kos duab nrog lub teeb cwj mem, thiab tus kws ua haujlwm tuaj yeem nkag mus rau kev sib tham nrog EDM, nco qab ib qho ntawm nws cov duab kos thaum ntxov rau lub vijtsam hauv ib millisecond, thiab hloov lawv cov kab thiab nkhaus ntawm qhov xav tau.
Ivan Sutherland tab tom kawm TX-2
Schematic daim duab ntawm highlighter
Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov neeg tsim khoom siv tshuab thiab hluav taws xob xav tau ib lub cuab yeej los ua kom cov haujlwm nyuaj thiab siv sijhawm ntev uas lawv tau ua. Txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau no, Ivan E. Sutherland ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob ntawm MIT tau tsim cov txheej txheem los ua cov khoos phis tawj digital ua haujlwm rau cov neeg tsim qauv.
CNC tshuab cuab yeej nce traction thiab muaj koob meej
Hauv nruab nrab xyoo 1960, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov khoos phis tawj me me uas pheej yig tau hloov cov cai ntawm kev ua si hauv kev lag luam. Ua tsaug rau cov transistor tshiab thiab cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb, cov tshuab muaj zog no siv ntau qhov chaw tsawg dua li chav tsev me me siv kom deb li deb.
Cov khoos phis tawj me me, tseem hu ua cov khoos phis tawj nruab nrab ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, ib txwm muaj cov nqi pheej yig dua, tso lawv los ntawm kev txwv ntawm cov tuam txhab yav dhau los lossis cov tub rog, thiab muab lub peev xwm ntawm qhov raug, kev ntseeg tau thiab rov ua dua rau cov tuam txhab me, kev lag luam.
Hauv qhov sib piv, microcomputers yog 8-ntsis ib tus neeg siv, cov tshuab yooj yim khiav haujlwm yooj yim (xws li MS-DOS), thaum cov khoos phis tawj subminiature yog 16-ntsis lossis 32-ntsis. Groundbreaking tuam txhab uas muag suav nrog Dec, cov ntaub ntawv dav dav, thiab Hewlett Packard (HP) (tam sim no hais txog nws cov qub computers me, xws li HP3000, ua "servers").
Thaum xyoo 1970s, kev lag luam qeeb qeeb thiab nce nqi ua haujlwm ua rau CNC machining zoo li kev daws teeb meem zoo thiab raug nqi, thiab qhov kev thov rau cov nqi qis NC system tshuab cov cuab yeej tau nce. Txawm hais tias cov kws tshawb fawb Asmeskas tsom mus rau kev lag luam high-end xws li software thiab aerospace, lub teb chaws Yelemees (sib koom los ntawm Nyiv xyoo 1980s) tsom mus rau kev lag luam uas tsis muaj nqi thiab tshaj Tebchaws Meskas hauv kev muag tshuab. Txawm li cas los xij, lub sijhawm no, muaj cov tuam txhab Asmeskas CAD thiab cov chaw muag khoom, suav nrog UGS Corp., computervision, applicon thiab IBM.
Nyob rau xyoo 1980, nrog kev poob qis ntawm cov nqi kho vajtse raws li microprocessors thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm thaj chaw hauv cheeb tsam network (LAN), lub khoos phis tawj sib txuas nrog lwm tus, tus nqi thiab kev siv tau ntawm CNC tshuab cuab yeej kuj tshwm sim. Los ntawm ib nrab xyoo 1980s, cov khoos phis tawj me thiab cov khoos phis tawj loj tau hloov pauv los ntawm cov chaw ua haujlwm sib txuas, cov ntaub ntawv servers thiab cov khoos phis tawj ntawm tus kheej (PCS), yog li tshem tawm CNC tshuab ntawm cov tsev kawm qib siab thiab cov tuam txhab uas ib txwm teeb tsa lawv (vim tias lawv yog tib leeg. cov khoos phis tawj kim uas tuaj yeem them taus nrog lawv).
Xyoo 1989, Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Lag Luam Hauv Lub Tebchaws ntawm cov qauv thiab thev naus laus zis hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Lag Luam tau tsim qhov kev txhim kho tshuab tswj kev ua haujlwm (EMC2, tom qab hloov npe hu ua linuxcnc), uas yog qhov qhib-qhov gnu / linux software system uas siv lub hom phiaj dav dav hauv computer los tswj CNC. tshuab. Linuxcnc paves txoj kev rau yav tom ntej ntawm tus kheej CNC tshuab cuab yeej, uas yog tseem pioneer daim ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm xam.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-19-2022